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Georgia is the industrially-agrarian country. In structure of gross national product it is account for: on an agricultural production — 33%, the industry — 13%, sphere of service — 54%. The basis of the industry, a fuel and energy complex, is based substantially on a local coal mining (Tkibuli, Tkvarcheli, Vale), partly oil (Basin of river Alasahi). In water-power engineering the basic role play Hydroelectric Power Stations in the west of the country (cascades on the rivers Inguri, Rioni, etc.). Leading industries are: food (tea, winemaking etc.), light, mechanical engineering (transport, electro technical, machine-tool construction), chemical (nitric fertilizers, plastic, a kapron fibre), petrochemical and oil refining, black and nonferrous metallurgy, mining (manganous ores, coal, nonferrous metals). In Georgia there are unique in Transcaucasia the enterprises of ferrous metallurgy of a full cycle (Rustavi, Zestafoni). Distinctive feature of agriculture is small quantity of the suitable grounds for processing and according to their high cost, greater expenses in plant growing, separation of facilities. Arable lands make 9% of ground fund; the grounds used in plant growing — 4%, in animal industries — 25%. Black Sea coast is focused on manufacture of tea, citrus, a bay leaf. In the east of the country the leading part belongs to wine growing and fruit growing. Grain yields (wheat, corn, barley) do not satisfy all needs of the country. The pasturable animal industries specializes on cultivation of sheep, goats, large horned livestock, pigs. The country exports citrus, tea, wine, machines and the equipment, black and nonferrous metals, textiles, chemicals, fuel (re-export). Are imported — fuel, grain, machines and accessories. The basic partners on export are: Russia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan; on import — the European Union, Russia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, the USA. Georgia is famous for the resorts, tourist and mountain-skiing objects. |
